Tweed Water Spaniel Information & Dog Breed Facts
Collection of all the general dog breed info about Tweed Water Spaniel so you can get to know the breed more.
Group | Extinct |
---|---|
Popularity Rank | 240 |
Reviews | 0 |
User Ratings | |
Compare the Tweed Water Spaniel With Other Dogs
Select at least one dog breed to make the comparsion. | |
Origin | United Kingdom |
Common Names & Aliases
What other names is a Tweed Water Spaniel known by? Discover all traditional, regional and informal names used for this breed. | Ladykirk SpanielTweed Spaniel |
---|---|
Breed Classification
What type of dog breed is a Tweed Water Spaniel? Learn about its genetic classification and breeding category. | Purebred |
Size Classification
What size category is a Tweed Water Spaniel? Learn how big the Tweed Water Spaniel breed typically grows. | Large |
---|---|
Weight Statistics
How much does a Tweed Water Spaniel weigh? Discover typical weight ranges for adult males and females of the Tweed Water Spaniel breed. | Male: 55-80 pounds (25-36 kg), Female: 45-70 pounds (20-32 kg) |
Average Weight
What is the average weight of a Tweed Water Spaniel? | Male: 67.5 pounds (30.5 kg), Female: 57.5 pounds (26 kg) |
Height
How tall is the Tweed Water Spaniel? Tweed Water Spaniel height: | Male: 20-24 inches (51-60 cm), Female: 20-22 inches (51-56 cm) |
Average Height
What is the average height of a Tweed Water Spaniel? | Male: 22 inches (55.5 cm), Female: 21 inches (53.5 cm) |
Price Range
How much does a Tweed Water Spaniel puppy cost? Find current market prices and factors affecting Tweed Water Spaniel costs. | Unavailable Unfortunately the Tweed Water Spaniel is an extinct dog breed, so there isn’t any available price range or breeder in the world for purchasing this breed. |
---|---|
Availability
How easy is it to get a Tweed Water Spaniel? How many Tweed Water Spaniel are there in the world? | Unavailable: This dog breed, unfortunately, is no longer available, it may even be extinct. |
Intelligence Rating
How intelligent is a Tweed Water Spaniel? Discover the Tweed Water Spaniel's intelligence ranking and learning capabilities. | Smart: The Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have great intelligence. They understand and memorize new commands in 15-25 repetitions.
The Tweed Water Spaniel is among the smartest dogs in the intelligence ranking. |
---|---|
Training Difficulty
How easy is it to train a Tweed Water Spaniel? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's trainability and response to training methods. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are very easy to train. They easily find out the association between commands and actions. |
Watchdog Rating
How good is a Tweed Water Spaniel as a watchdog? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's alertness and guarding instincts. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are good watchdogs. Their main job is to observe and they're consistent in their effort. Good vocal cords and a sense of hearing belong to them. Usually, they're territorial and protective about their property, so the Tweed Water Spaniel dogs will alert you if they sense something different.
|
Territorial Protection
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel protective of its territory? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's guarding instincts and behavior. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are average defenders. Some dogs are very protective of their territory, while others easily let a stranger to trespass. This breed is not sure to defend its territory in every situation. |
Personality Traits
What personality does a Tweed Water Spaniel have? Learn about characteristic Tweed Water Spaniel temperament and behavior traits. | AgileEnergeticCourageousIntelligentFriendly |
---|---|
Sensitivity Level
How sensitive are they? Tweed Water Spaniel sensitivity: | They are a little bit more sensitive than other dog breeds. Soft punishment affects them emotionally. Tweed Water Spaniel dogs don't tolerate irregular daily routines, noisy households, and frequent guest visits really well.
They are receptive to their owner's emotions and make wonderful family companions. |
Affection Level
How affectionate are they? Is a Tweed Water Spaniel a good family dog? | High: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are genuinely loyal, soft and gentle, loving, and affectionate dogs toward their handlers. They enjoy quality time with their owners despite the activity and are considered great therapy dogs for those in need. This breed responds strongly to their handler's emotions because they bond closely. Their happiness is your happiness. |
Social Needs
How much social interaction does the Ladykirk Spaniel need? Tweed Water Spaniel social needs: | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are a social breed. They enjoy being around people or other animals. This breed doesn't tolerate being left alone. |
Impulse to Wander or Roam
How likely is the Tweed Water Spaniel to run away? Does this breed explore or wander a lot? Does Tweed Water Spaniel roam? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have high wanderlust potential, which means that this breed has a strong desire for exploring the world. Safer to walk them on a leash unless you teach them how to get back to you on command. This breed is also able to cause damage to your fence. |
Prey Drive
Do this canine have a strong prey drive? Does Tweed Water Spaniel have high prey drive? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have a high impulse to chase and catch something. Cats or any other small animals are in danger. It's a natural instinct, doesn't necessarily mean that Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are aggressive. Better to keep this breed on a leash. |
Barking Frequency
Does a Tweed Water Spaniel bark a lot? Learn about typical Tweed Water Spaniel vocalization patterns and triggers. | Average: The Tweed Water Spaniel barks occasionally. They can change their barks depending on their emotional level and what they're trying to say. Different barks could mean the same and the same barks could have different meanings.
Top reasons for barking: protection, alarm, fear, boredom, attention-seeking, greeting, separation anxiety, compulsive barking. |
---|---|
Playful Nature
How playful is a Tweed Water Spaniel? Understand the typical play drive and energy level of the Tweed Water Spaniel breed. | The Tweed Water Spaniel is a highly playful breed. Excited barking and sometimes nipping will alert you to play. |
Apartment Adaptability
Can a Tweed Water Spaniel live in an apartment? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's suitability for apartment living. | Not an apartment-friendly dog the Tweed Water Spaniel breed. If you don't have a garden, think carefully about your decision, keeping Tweed Water Spaniel indoors can cause a lot of problems. |
Lifestyle Adaptability
How adaptable is a Tweed Water Spaniel to lifestyle changes? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's flexibility to new situations. | Average: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs adapt to lifestyle changes and different living environments quite okay usually. |
---|---|
Alone Time Tolerance
Can a Tweed Water Spaniel be left alone? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's tolerance to solitude. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs do best when a family member is at home during the day or if their workplace is dog-friendly so they can take the dog at work. |
Bite Risk Assessment
What is a Tweed Water Spaniel biting potential? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's bite risk factors. | Low 🔽 The Tweed Water Spaniel has a low chance of biting somebody. Top reasons for dog bite: protection, pain, excitement, herding instinct, being provoked. (Data based on the available online bite statistics.) |
---|---|
Mouthing Tendency
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel mouthy? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's tendency to use mouth during play. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have a higher than average tendency to nip, chew, playbite, or herd people. It's a common habit during puppyhood, not aggressive behavior. These "bites" don't hurt, but Tweed Water Spaniel dogs need to be taught a good attitude. |
Bite Strength Rating
How strong is a Tweed Water Spaniel bite? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's bite force measured in PSI. | Between 200 and 400 PSI ⏺ Tweed Water Spaniel bite force: Ordinary. Bite force Tweed Water Spaniel measurements typically fall within the range of 200 to 400 PSI. The bite force of a Tweed Water Spaniel is considered ordinary when compared to other dog breeds, but it is still quite powerful. This Tweed Water Spaniel bite force PSI can cause bite wounds. Tweed Water Spaniel bite PSI is not something that should be feared if the dog is well-trained and managed. To avoid any issues, it's essential to learn how to train a Tweed Water Spaniel puppy not to bite from an early age.
The Tweed Water Spaniel, and many others, have a fearsome presence because they have significant jaw strength, so it is important not to anger the dog and have it around strangers until it is fully trained. However, they are usually quite calm and good companions, they work well in families and are easy to care for. In conclusion, while the Tweed Water Spaniel bite force is certainly an interesting aspect of the breed, it is important not to let it overshadow the many other reasons why these dogs are so loved and respected. With proper training and socialization, a Tweed Water Spaniel can be a loyal and protective companion for your family. |
Average Lifespan
How long does a Tweed Water Spaniel live? Learn about the typical lifespan of the Tweed Water Spaniel breed. | 10-12 years The average lifespan of Tweed Water Spaniel: 11 years |
---|---|
Climate Tolerance
How well does a Tweed Water Spaniel handle different weather? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's climate adaptability. | Tolerates warm and cold weather Dogs that tolerate hot and cold weather are typically those that have a double coat of fur. Dogs with a double coat of fur have a layer of fur that insulates their skin and helps protect them from the cold and the heat. |
Health Concerns
What health issues are common in a Tweed Water Spaniel? Discover typical conditions affecting the Tweed Water Spaniel breed. | The Tweed Water Spaniel is a healthy breed, but there are certain health issues that you should check with your vet regularly. |
Vet Care Frequency
How often does a Tweed Water Spaniel need vet visits? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's veterinary care requirements. | Average The Tweed Water Spaniel should have a complete physical check-up at least once per year. If your dog shows any symptoms, call your veterinarian. |
Energy Rating
How energetic is a Tweed Water Spaniel? Understand daily activity needs of the Tweed Water Spaniel breed. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are high-energy dogs. An active lifestyle makes them happy. |
---|---|
Activity Requirement / Exercise Need
How much exercise does a Tweed Water Spaniel need? How much exercise do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs require per day?
Do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs need a lot of exercises? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs need a lot of exercises. Long walks should be on a daily schedule. If you live an active life, this breed can be a good choice for you. |
Sleeping Need
How much sleep does the Tweed Water Spaniel breed need? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs don't need too much sleep. They are energetic and desire to live active life. If you think naps are overrated, this breed can be the best choice for you. |
Obesity Tendency
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel prone to weight gain? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's obesity risks. | Average to High: If you don't pay attention to the Tweed Water Spaniel's weight, he can easily gain weight. More than one daily walk should be on schedule. To make your dog happy and fit, feed him with quality dry dog food and live an active life together. Try to find the happy medium between exercise and feeding.
If you notice any weight gain, consult your veterinarian and make a diet plan. Reduce unhealthy food and snacks, and measure the Tweed Water Spaniel weight regularly. |
---|---|
Food Consumption
How much food does a Tweed Water Spaniel need daily? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's feeding requirements. | 2 to 3 cups of a high-quality dog food a day. |
Allergy Friendliness
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel hypoallergenic? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's suitability for allergy sufferers. | No Tweed Water Spaniel dogs don't do well with allergy sufferers by causing allergic reactions. Some dog breeds are even considered to higher possibility of an allergic response. Coat type isn't necessarily relevant, because most people are allergic to dander (flakes on the dog's skin) or saliva, not actually to dog hair. |
---|---|
Coat Colors
What colors does a Tweed Water Spaniel come in? Discover all possible Tweed Water Spaniel color variations. | BrownLiver |
Grooming Requirements
How much grooming does a Tweed Water Spaniel need? Learn about Tweed Water Spaniel coat maintenance requirements. | Average: The Tweed Water Spaniel requires average grooming effort. Cutting the dog's hair by a professional groomer isn't essential. Brushing the dog's coat is useful to reduce shedding. Ears and eyes should be cleaned regularly to avoid infections. Don't skip the seasonal flea treatment too. Dog nail trimming and dog bath can be helpful sometimes. Check the local pet store for dog grooming supplies and find the best dog shampoo to keep its coat healthy and give your dog a pleasant experience of a dog bath. If you don't have the time, skill, or money to take care of your Tweed Water Spaniel, search for a dog groomer or clipping service in your area and book an appointment. Maybe you're lucky to have a dog boarding service that includes grooming or walk-in dog bath places nearby. |
Drooling Tendency
Does a Tweed Water Spaniel drool a lot? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's drooling habits. | The Tweed Water Spaniel is an average drooler. Drooling is the unintentional saliva flowing outside of the mouth. It can be completely normal or a sign of a health problem.
If you notice any change in your dog's drooling habit, you should contact a vet as soon as possible. |
Stinkiness Rating
Does a Tweed Water Spaniel smell bad? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's natural odor levels. | Medium ⏺ The Tweed Water Spaniel has an average chance of bad smell. Top reasons for dog stinkiness: infection of bad tooth/ear/skin folds, gas attacks. |
Coat Characteristics
What type of coat does a Tweed Water Spaniel have? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's fur characteristics. | FeatheredCurlyThick |
Bathing Needs
How often does a Tweed Water Spaniel need baths? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's bathing requirements. | 3-4 weeks More often than average. These dog coats tend to be longer, softer, and oilier than short-haired breeds. While a good bath every now and then is a great way to keep your buddy from becoming overly smelly, be mindful about overbathing.
Bathing will wash away your dog’s natural oils, while a simple brushing every few days should keep them clean. |
Shedding Level
How much do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs shed? How to control, reduce and prevent the shedding of the Ladykirk Spaniel? Do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs shed a lot? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs shed moderately. It's a natural process of the hair growth cycle. Regular brushing reduces the amount of hair that sheds. It mostly depends on their health status and breed type. |
Child Compatibility
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel good with children? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's behavior around kids of different ages. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are kid-friendly dogs. This breed is a good choice if you have children. |
---|---|
Pet Compatibility
How well does a Tweed Water Spaniel get along with other pets? Discover the Tweed Water Spaniel's compatibility with other animals. | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are generally with other pets. |
Stranger Friendly
Are they aggressive or friendly towards/with strangers? Tweed Water Spaniel temperament with other people: | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are stranger-friendly dogs. |
Cat Friendly
How well do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs get along with cats? Are they good with kittens? What is this fido's temperament with cats? Can they be good with cats? Can the Tweed Water Spaniel breed live with a cat? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are average friendly towards cats. |
Dog Friendly
Is Tweed Water Spaniel good with other dogs? Are they dog-friendly dogs? How well do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs get along with other dogs? | Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are very dog-friendly dogs. If you want more dogs in your family or you'd like to join dog meetups, the Tweed Water Spaniel can be a great choice. |
Good For First Time Owners
Is Tweed Water Spaniel breed good for first-time owners? Do they make a good dog for novice owners? Is Tweed Water Spaniel breed suitable for first-time owners? | Yes Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are good for novice owners, due to their easy-going personality. |
Office Friendly
Are Tweed Water Spaniel dogs good office canines? Do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs make good office-friendly pets? Can they be office dogs? | No Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best dog breed for office environment. |
Senior Citizens Friendly
Are they senior citizens friendly dogs? How well do Tweed Water Spaniel dogs get along with the elderly people? What is the Ladykirk Spaniel temperament with senior people? Are Tweed Water Spaniel dogs good for elderly owners? | Tweed Water Spaniels are usually recommended for elderly people. |
Service Dog Capability
Can a Tweed Water Spaniel be a service dog? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's service work potential. | Not really This breed generally not used as a service dog. A service dog is a term used in the USA to refer to any type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental disorders, seizures, mobility impairment, and diabetes. Service dogs are protected under the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act).
Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best breed for service purposes. |
---|---|
Therapy Work Suitability
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel good as a therapy dog? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's therapy work aptitude. | Not really This breed is generally not used as a therapy dog. A therapy dog is a dog that might be trained to provide affection, comfort, and love to people in hospitals, retirement homes, nursing homes, schools, hospices, disaster areas, and people with anxiety disorders or autism.
Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best breed for therapeutic purposes. |
Scent Detection Ability
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel good at detection work? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's scenting abilities. | Not really They are not typically employed for this type of work, but there may be exceptional cases. A detection dog or sniffer dog is a dog that is trained to use its senses (mostly its smell) to detect substances such as explosives, illegal drugs, wildlife scat, currency, blood, and contraband electronics such as illicit mobile phones.
Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best breed for detection purposes. |
Search & Rescue Potential
Can a Tweed Water Spaniel do search and rescue? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's SAR capabilities. | Not really This dog breed is not typically used as a search and rescue dog. The use of dogs in search and rescue (SAR) is a valuable component in wilderness tracking, natural disasters, mass casualty events, and locating missing people.
The Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best breed for SAR purposes. |
Maritime Work Ability
Is a Tweed Water Spaniel good on boats? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's maritime capabilities. | Yes Tweed Water Spaniel breed usually likes being on a boat. Boat dogs were typically bred for their strength, stamina, and water resistance, as they were often required to perform tasks such as pulling in fishing nets, and jumping into the water to retrieve ropes or lines, or helping to move cargo. Sailor dog is a type of dog that was bred to accompany sailors on their voyages. They were typically used for three purposes: as a working dog, as a watchdog, and as a companion. A boat dog is a term used to describe a type of dog that was traditionally bred and used as a working dog on boats. |
Draft Work Capability
Can a Tweed Water Spaniel pull carts? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's drafting abilities. | Not really A drafting dog or draft dog is a dog bred and used for cart pulling. Dogs bred for this work have strong builds and qualities that are needed, strength and determination.
Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best breed for drafting purposes. |
Military Service Background
Was a Tweed Water Spaniel used in military service? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's military history. | Not really In history, this breed was not really used for combat dog. |
Puppy Litter Size
How many puppies does a Tweed Water Spaniel usually have? Learn about typical litter sizes. | 4-6 puppies |
---|---|
Pregnancy Duration
How long is a Tweed Water Spaniel pregnant? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's gestation period. | 60-64 days Reproductive cycle of the female Tweed Water Spaniel: The first period called Proestrus lasts for about 9 days.
During this time the females start to attract males. You can notice by swelling vulva and bloody discharge. The second part is the Estrus when the female is receptive for the male. It lasts for about 3 to 11 days. The sign of the proestrus part is the soft and enlarged vulva. The discharge decreases and lightens in color. The third part is the Diestrus. Normally, it occurs around day 14. In this period the female’s discharge changes for vivid red and coming to its end. The vulva returns to average, and she will no longer permit mating. The fourth part called the Anestrus. The time frame between heat periods normally lasts about six months. |
Breeding Frequency
How often can a Tweed Water Spaniel have puppies? Learn about safe breeding intervals. | Once a year. More frequent breeding is not healthy. It is very important not to buy a dog from a puppy mill, where the needs of the pups and their mothers are ignored. It's an inhumane high-volume dog breeding facility, where puppies born several times a year. |
AKC Classification
What AKC group is a Tweed Water Spaniel in? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's AKC classification. | Not recognized by the American Kennel Club. |
---|---|
FCI Classification
What FCI group is a Tweed Water Spaniel in? Learn about the Tweed Water Spaniel's international classification. | Not recognized by FCI. |
Tweed Water Spaniel Pros and Cons
- Intelligence Rating: Smart: The Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have great intelligence.
- Training Difficulty: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are very easy to train.
- Watchdog Rating: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are good watchdogs.
- Child Compatibility: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are kid-friendly dogs.
- Dog Friendly: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are very dog-friendly dogs.
- Senior Citizens Friendly: Tweed Water Spaniels are usually recommended for elderly people.
- Good For First Time Owners: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs are good for novice owners, due to their easy-going personality.
- Maritime Work Ability: Tweed Water Spaniel breed usually likes being on a boat.
Boat dogs were typically bred for their strength, stamina, and water resistance, as they were often required to perform tasks such as pulling in fishing nets, and jumping into the water to retrieve ropes or lines, or helping to move cargo.
Sailor dog is a type of dog that was bred to accompany sailors on their voyages.
- Allergy Friendliness: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs don't do well with allergy sufferers by causing allergic reactions.
- Apartment Adaptability: Not an apartment-friendly dog the Tweed Water Spaniel breed.
- Obesity Tendency: Average to High: If you don't pay attention to the Tweed Water Spaniel's weight, he can easily gain weight.
- Mouthing Tendency: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have a higher than average tendency to nip, chew, playbite, or herd people.
- Impulse to Wander or Roam: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs have high wanderlust potential, which means that this breed has a strong desire for exploring the world.
- Alone Time Tolerance: Tweed Water Spaniel dogs do best when a family member is at home during the day or if their workplace is dog-friendly so they can take the dog at work.
- Office Friendly: Tweed Water Spaniel is not the best dog breed for office environment.
Tweed Water Spaniel History
Where does the Tweed Water Spaniel come from?
The Tweed Water Spaniel finds its origins in Scotland, in the early 19th century.
Which dogs are descendants of the Tweed Water Spaniel?
The breed is thought to be originated from other water dogs from around the same area of the Berwick sea in Scotland. Initially, the native Scottish people mixed different water dogs.
Later, the descendants of these early dogs were considered to be cross-bred with the Newfoundland Dog and with the Saint John’s Water Dog.
First notes, origin
The first written document was made by Richard Lawrence, in 1816, about the Tweed Water Spaniel, where he wrote about the origins of the breed.
Later, the tale of the Tweed Water Spaniel’s existence was recorded in a document written by Stanley O’Neil in the late 19th century.
Stanley O’Neil was a knowledgeable and respected retriever breeder and author back in the day, and he stated that his first encounter with the breed happened while Scottish fishermen were netting for Salmon fish.
The dogs helped them bring the larger nets to the shore.
Appearance, history of breed change
Mr. O’Neil described the Tweed Water Spaniel as a curly and brown-coated dog, resembling more of a retriever than a spaniel.
According to some sources, the Tweed Water Spaniel is simply the original, more traditional, and the earlier version of today’s known Golden Retriever, nevertheless this theory was proven to be false.
The reason is that the full breeding procedure of the Golden Retriever was carefully planned and therefore documented.
The original Tweed Water Spaniel’s coat was black or brown in the breed’s early days, but towards the end of the 19th century, some specimens started to develop a lighter-toned, golden, or occasionally yellow fur.
These specimens were thought to be bred by Sir Dudley Majoribanks, also known as Lord Tweedmouth.
It is widely accepted that three Tweed Water Spaniels were mixed and bred in order to develop the Golden Retriever. The new yellow Tweed Water Spaniel named Belle was crossed with a wavy coated specimen of the breed, named Nous.
Their litter produced four puppies named, Primrose, Ada, Crocus, and Cowslip and each of them had golden wavy fur, the perfect mixture of the parent breeds. Shortly after, these puppies become known as Golden Retriever ones.
How did the Tweed Water Spaniel become extinct?
Because of the increasing popularity of the Golden Retriever, the Tweed Water Spaniel’s population numbers started to decline, and by the beginning of the 20th century, this old breed got completely replaced by the Golden Retriever.
Breeders neglected to preserve and save the Tweed Water Spaniel. Hence the excellent water dogs have totally vanished, and they remained only in the stories of Stanley O’Neil.